Alternative Dispute Resolution World Perspective †MyAssignmenthelp

Alternative Sentencing: Money Well Spent Essay -- Criminal Justice

Florida is losing the war on drugs however monetary weakening. The financial effect of substance maltreatment in Florida is evaluated to be generally 6% of the state’s total national output (Miami 20). One giver is the nearsighted view by a legal framework that decides to force unforgiving criminal punishments, including detainment, on peaceful guilty parties with minor belonging charges. Expanding budgetary imperatives, prompting less accessible assets, balance cruelly with the quickly developing substance misuse. In 2009, statewide medication feelings expanded by 5.9%, while state and government financing towards elective condemning projects diminished by 5.8% (Families 3; National Center). As of now Florida has in excess of 20,000 detainees in jail and an extra 60,000 in prison for grouped medication charges, an enormous part for wrongdoings including minor belonging or straightforward buying (Families 2). The financially canny reaction to peaceful guilty parties accused of minor belonging isn't the legal system’s conventional methodology, but instead using elective condemning projects, for example, medicate court. In 1982, because of strain to stay away from government sanctions, Florida authorized required least condemning for sedate wrongdoers (TASC 4). Inside year and a half, as a huge number of guilty parties were accused of basic buying or ownership of controlled substances, government and state courts were immediately overpowered. The developing number of imprisoned medication guilty parties significantly increased throughout the following decade making detainment facilities and correctional facilities experience the ill effects of congestion (National TASC 6). With government and state spending plans extended perilously slender, Florida council immediately passed state resolutions permitting judges to release straightforward buy and ownership charges after th... ... 03 April 2012. Florida. Official Office of the Governor. Catalog of DCF Funded Adolescent Substance Misuse Treatment Programs. Tallahassee: Executive Office of the Governor, 2009. Print. Florida. Preeminent Court Task Force on Treatment-Based Drug Courts. Report on Florida’s Drug Courts. Tallahassee: Office of the State Courts Administrator, 2009. Print. Miami Behavioral Health Center. The Annual Economic Impact of Alcohol and Drug Use in Florida. Miami: Florida Alcohol and Drug Abuse Association, 2009. Print. National Center for State Courts. â€Å"Budget Resource Center.† www.ncsconline.org. National Community for State Courts, n.d. Web. 03 April 2012 National TASC. Thinking about Public Safety: The TASC Abilities. Alexandria: Office of Justice, Projects, n.d. Print. TASC. Clinical Case Management Model. Washington D.C. N.p. n.p. 2011. Print.

Announcing Our New Partnership with NWEA to Accelerate Student Learning

Announcing Our New Partnership with NWEA to Accelerate Student Learning Teachers have long told us they want more actionable insights into the assessments they give every year in their classrooms to improve learning for every student.That’s why we’re excited to announce that Khan Academy is partnering with NWEA, a mission-driven education nonprofit and maker of the gold-standard classroom assessment, MAP Growth. Together we’re developing MAP Accelerator, a unique classroom tool designed to help teachers deeply integrate personalized learning and assessment to accelerate student achievement.Watch our announcement video:  MAP Accelerator will help teachers quickly and easily deliver a personalized learning path for every student based on their MAP Growth results. Teachers will be able to identify which students need extra help to fill gaps and unleash learning for students who are ready to move ahead.  Teachers can use MAP Accelerator to differentiate instruction for students with diverse academic needs, particularly traditionally underserved studen ts.“If I had to pick between an amazing teacher and amazing technology, Id pick the teacher every time. That is why we wanted to build a tool that really empowers teachers. Partnering with NWEA takes our tools and resources for teachers to the next level, said Sal Khan, founder of Khan Academy. Weve long heard from teachers who want to use MAP Growth as more than just a benchmark. Now teachers are able to inform personalized practice that integrates with any curriculum so they can help focus student learning on what is needed most. And it is simple and time-saving, which is super important since teachers already have so much on their plates.This fall, more than 150,000 students in four school districts will use MAP Accelerator as part of a limited pilot program. The districts include Madera Unified School District, Pajaro Valley Unified School District, and Glendale Unified School District in California; and Clark County School District in Nevada. During the pilot year, MAP Accele rator will be available for grades 3-8 in math, English, and Spanish. English-language arts will be introduced the following school year when MAP Accelerator becomes universally available. Visit the NWEA website to learn more and sign up for updates.

Madame Bovary Essay - 1427 Words

Madame Bovary is a novel by author Gustave Flaubert in which one woman’s provincial bourgeois life becomes an expansive commentary on class, gender, and social roles in nineteenth-century France. Emma Bovary is the novel’s eponymous antiheroine who uses deviant behavior and willful acts of indiscretion to reject a lifestyle imposed upon her by an oppressive patriarchal society. Madame Bovary’s struggle to circumvent and overthrow social roles reflects both a cultural and an existential critique of gender and class boundaries, and her unwillingness to tolerate the banalities of domestic life in a predetermined caste culminates in several distinct means of defiance. Emma Bovary exploits traditional cultural values such as marriage,†¦show more content†¦Her relationship with the wealthy, charming Rodolphe Boulanger is a diversion from tedious country life as well as an intentional subversion of the establishment of marriage and an attempt to undermine her husband’s authority. After her first conjugal transgression, Emma distinctly feels â€Å"the satisfaction of revenge† and â€Å"savoured [sic] it without remorse, without anxiety, without worry† (161). Though her husband Charles is guiltless of cruelty or vice he is representative of a patriarchy that is entirely neglectful of the emotional, psychological, and intellectual needs of women and assertive of its superiority and power. She is expected to fulfill the duties of a simple-minded, submissive, and sexless creature who is devoted to the comfort of her family and upkeep of the home. By pursuing a sexual relationship with Rodolphe, Emma invalidates the authority of the prohibitive government institution over her actions and demands autonomy in the face of a banal provincial life. Material possessions are both a comfort and a preoccupation for Emma Bovary and she is largely defined by her identity as a consumer and her efforts to subvert traditional materialism through excess. Attending a ball at the home of the Marquis de Andervilliers is one of the defining moments in Emma’s life, in which she receives a glimpse into the life of the aristocracy and experiences a fleeting sense ofShow MoreRelatedMadame Bovary Relationship1574 Words   |  7 PagesIn Gustav Flaubert’s novel Madame Bovary, Emily and Charles’ relationship is what the reader follows throughout the entire story. The dynamic of their relationship and their individual characteristics don’t mesh well together, and end in their eventual downfall as a couple and as characters individually. Emma and Charles each show themes of the novel through their characteristics and points of view in their relationship. Emma Bovary has unrealistic ideas about love and wants to have a lux urious lifeRead MoreDisappointment In Madame Bovary1366 Words   |  6 Pagesperson, sometimes in the way of finding someone to fill their void in their empty heart. In Gustave Flaubert’s master novel Madame Bovary, there are multiple encounters with dissatisfaction that creates the theme of disappointment. The two main characters that Flaubert uses to show dissatisfaction through are Emma Bovary, also known as Madame Bovary, and Charles Bovary. Emma Bovary seems to be faced with empty disappointment on every page, while Charles is completely oblivious to Emma’s emotions andRead MoreThe Liberation of Madame Bovary1181 Words   |  5 PagesThe Liberation Madame Bovary Women have always been seen as the inferior gender. When women act out of turn they are considered nontraditional or uncouth. It isn’t until recent where women have stopped worrying about what society thinks of them. The women’s movement in the 1960’s opened the doors for women to get jobs and feel equal and in some ways superior to men. Long before women were burning their bras, long before the women’s suffrage movement, centuries ago in France a manRead More The Meanings of Madame Bovary Essay621 Words   |  3 PagesThe Meanings of Madame Bovary Madame Bovary is the portrait of a woman trapped in an unsatisfactory marriage in a prosaic bourgeois town. Her attempts to escape the monotony of her life through adulterous liaisons with other men are ultimately thwarted by the reality that the men she has chosen are shallow and self-centered and that she has overstretched herself financially. In despair, Emma resolves her predicament by taking her own life. What should we make of this rather slight storyRead MoreMadame Bovary Style Analysis612 Words   |  3 PagesA day of a common doctor, Charles Bovary, is described in Gustave Flaubert’s passage from Madame Bovary. The author uses great detail to show the reader the typical house call in 1902. Due to this detail, the author establishes the tones of calmness and intensity. Throughout the passage from Madame Bovary, the tones established through detail, imagery and figurative language reveal the character of Charles to the reader. The detail in the beginning of the passage allows the reader to feel a sereneRead MoreAnalysis Of Morality In Madame Bovary1075 Words   |  5 Pagescarnal aspects. (Gustave Flaubert, 2017) Wow! This statement says so much about this writer. As such, we could argue that Flaubert’s main character in Madame Bovary, Emma, was based on one of his prostitutes and describes how he feels about women. Therefore, I am surprised the government bought Flaubert’s answer. After reading Madame Bovary, I understand why the government brought action against the author Gustave Flaubert and charged him with immorality. The entire novel is based on adulteryRead MoreTransgressive Women In Madame Bovary1562 Words   |  7 PagesIn Gustave Flaubert’s, Madame Bovary (1857), the narrator illustrates the apparent sexism that Emma Bovary, the protagonist and antihero of the novel, endures. Although Emma was at many times a victim of her time similar to many other women in Madame Bova ry, such as the elder Madame Bovary and Madame Homais, Emma possesses a quality unlike the other female characters in the novel. Emma Bovary acts as transgressive woman, in that she chooses to defeat the social boundaries that repeatedly constrictedRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Madame Bovary1458 Words   |  6 PagesAllison Witt September 28, 2017 Literature Core Professor O’Har A Fantasy World In Madame Bovary, Gustave Flaubert shapes Emma, the protagonist, into a woman who deceives herself, through romantic novels, into believing her life is better than it actually is. Emma—like most things in her life—romanticized what marriage would do for her. At the start of her marriage to Charles, she believed marriage would be the means at which she transitioned from a farm girl to a wealthy woman. She believed thatRead MoreMadame Bovary Character Analysis919 Words   |  4 PagesIn the novel, Madame Bovary written by Gustave Flaubert Emma was capable of love, when it comes to Emma she was mainly in love with materialistic products or people who can get her the materials. Emma had a lot of relationships with a lot of different people. First, of course, was with her husband Charles Bovary. But other than him she had two other people who she liked. The first being a friend of both Charles and Emma Bovary. He was the young man they meet when they first moved to Yonville , namedRead MoreMadame Bovary by Gustave Flaubert1146 Words   |  5 Pages In the novel Madame Bovary by Gustave Flaubert, the protagonist, Emma Bovary experiences love and lust within and outside of her marriage. Emma is an innocent, beautiful farmer’s daughter who dreams of the perfect romance and an extravagant, exciting lifestyle. She has preconceived notions about what life as a married woman should be like, and how an ideal husband should act towards her. Emma marries Charles Bovary, a doctor, and they have a daughter. Charles and Emma’s marriage is dissatisfying

Case Study 6-1 Surface Bargaining - 926 Words

Case study 6-1 Surface Bargaining Based on the information provided and the court’s conclusion, the company was acting in good faith, utilizing the tool to flexibly and proactively to deal with the labor union. This is because the company met with the union at regular intervals without any anti-union intentions. Also, the company’s actions, during and after the negotiations, did not display any intentions of not concluding the bargaining agreement as claimed by the union (Kochan, 1980). In addition, the company’s proposal to the union was mainly factual and was the company’s right to deny the union control over the company. Generally, the company’s aim, in this case, was to lay the foundation for productive ongoing relationship with the labor union. The most important proposals that the company laid out to the union was on wages. The company proposed to retain absolute control of wages which is the right of the company to determine wages for the employees and not the union members. Wages are the core reasons for the formation of unions and therefore play a bigger factor in determining an act of good faith. In this case, the company’s waive to retain absolute control over employees’ wages was within the jurisdiction of the company according to the law. The most crucial negotiating techniques, both parties need to embrace are control over the agenda. Collective bargaining involves maintaining the upper hand in which the company has ensured. Establishing ground rules beforeShow MoreRelated3-D Printing, Soligen and Other Companies5712 Words   |  23 PagesQuestion 1: Select 2-3 companies profiled in the case and discuss the formulation of their respective strategies for commercializing the TDP Technology The three companies we would further discuss are the Soligen, Specific Surface Corporation (SSC) and Z Corp. Sloigen: Soligen Technology Inc. was founded by Yehoramo Uziel, it was incorporated in Delaware in October 1991, and commenced operations in April 1992. Soligen is a metal casting industry which produces fully functional 3-DimensionalRead MoreLiterature Review Human Resources1883 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction This literature review will seek to research, analyse and evaluate two areas in human resource management (HRM) relating to Ethics and HRM, and Employment relations. Review 1 - Ethics and HRM The study of ethics in Human Relations Management (HRM) seems fraught with a plethora of historical and contemporary theories which seek to find clarity in an ever changing and challenging business environment. This review will identify the challenges faced by human resource professionalsRead MoreRoyal Dutch/Shell, Acquisitions, and Globalization3225 Words   |  13 PagesRoyal Dutch/Shell, Acquisitions and Globalization Question 1: Royal Dutch/Shell Group operates on a global basis, and is well known for continuously striving to look beyond horizons. Using examples from the case study, critically examine the main arguments for and against globalization in the global mining and metals industry in terms of: (a) The threat of new entrants and substitutes in emerging markets, and The oil and natural gas industries are inherently global in nature. This is likewiseRead MoreWhen Investigating The Successes Of The Methane Gas Industry Essay2140 Words   |  9 Pages 1. Introduction The main of this report is prompting Transition Energy Company Limited ( TECL ) on the intense effect outcomes that may emerge from fracking . The results of Hydraulic cracking procedure and the impacts on a TECL s capacity to work as a morally, socially dependable, and supportable enterprise are incorporated in this report. The discoveries and proposals of this report try to impact the last venture choice of TECL when investigating the successes of the Methane Gas industryRead MoreProject Report on Paint Industries12365 Words   |  50 Pagesâ€Å"A STUDY OF MARKETING STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY VARIOUS PAINT COMPANIES† A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (M.B.A.) SUPERVISED BY: - RESARCH SCHOLAR’S:- PROF. 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As a result Job security usually arises from the terms of the contract of employment, collective bargaining agreement, or labor legislation that prevents arbitrary termination, layoffs, and lockouts. Literature review. Individuals and Research Institutions are always out to debate and make findings across fields in both the social and natural sciencesRead MoreNegotiation Strategies and Theories2350 Words   |  10 Pagesstrengthening of the Afghan government, yet the majority of its population are identify with one of numerous tribal entities who have no sense of nationality or unity with other tribal entities. The less parties understand about the limits of bargaining range and appropriate standards for agreement, the more ambiguity there is in the negotiation situation (Bowles, Babcock, and McGinn, 2009). Lacking information by not conducting proper research on the other parties (as well as their own) limitsRead MoreDisproportionate Incarceration of African Americans Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican men and women under federal and state jurisdiction. This implies that there has been a 3.4% increase since December 1,1998. The face of crime to white America is now that of a black man says David Bositis, Center for Political and Economic Studies, senior political analyst. While incarceration statistics have skyrocketed, crime rates have increased much more slowly. Politicians sought out political points by enforcing tough on crime laws. By doing this the politicians increase public panicRead MoreConoco Phillips Strategic Management4842 Words   |  20 PagesRecommendation Repo rt Submittal Date: May 3rd, 2013. Table of Contents 1.Executive Summary............................................................................................3 2.History / Origins.†¦..............................................................................................4 3.Company Split-2012...........................................................................................6 4.Porters Five Forces.......................................................

Logistics and operations mgt Free Essays

1. INTRODUCTION This report has been divided into two sections. The first section consists of defining TQM in the context of product and service and applying TQM methodology to the development of product. We will write a custom essay sample on Logistics and operations mgt or any similar topic only for you Order Now The second section would consider five objectives of operations management against a budget airline (i.e. Ryanair). 2. Total Quality Management It is not easy to define Total Quality Management (TQM) precisely because it is a philosophy of total organisational involvement in terms of improving quality of products/services (Pegels, 1995; Allen, 2004). Juran (1981) and Agus (2002) describe service-based TQM as a wide range of efforts aim at achieving overall service performance in areas of cost effectiveness, employee engagement, and customer satisfaction. In the manufacturing industry, TQM primarily deals with the quality of the product development from start to finish. The quality of the product is ensured at each step of the product development in terms of materials, costs, workmanship, processes, and pricing (Tennant, 2001). Nakajima (1988) defined TQM in product manufacturing context as â€Å"the plant of improvement methodology which enables continuous and rapid improvement of manufacturing processes through the use of employee involvement, employee empowerment and closed loop measurement of results† (cited in Seth and Tripathi, 2006, p. 812). From the above discussion, it can be concluded that TQM deals with the overall performance of the business, which is based on customer satisfaction, employee engagement, product quality, and management performance. It is also ensured that the entire activities are interlinked with each other so that the TQM framework should be applicable to all areas of concern as shown in figure 1 in appendix II. 2.1 Product Design and Development DMADV framework as six sigma strategy can be used to apply TQM methodology for the development of the product (Poornima and Charantimath, 2011). DMACV stands for Define, Measure, Analyse, Design, and Verify. Define: Juran and Gryna (1993) and Dale (1999) suggest that concurrent engineering technique can be applied during define phase where key staffs from different departments and internal and external customers meet with engineers and work closely with each other in defining the product parameters in order to avoid problems during subsequent production or assembly processes. Define phase is crucial in terms of product development so implementing Belbin teamwork theory can be a useful strategy to behave, contribute, and interrelate with others in a particular way (Belbin, 1993). Measure: In order to measure the reliability of the product, reliability engineering helps the organisation to discover the reasons of failure and also to set overall reliability goals to prevent the product against failures by identifying critical areas of product success (Bergman and Klefsjo, 1994). In this phase, the key practices include the use of modular designs by breaking the whole work into smaller parts in producing the particular product (Juran and Gryna, 1993). Work Breakdown Structure is the common technique that can be utilised in this phase of product development (Feigenbaum, 1991). Analyse: Value engineering helps the organisation to analyse the impact of internal and external factors that cause to increase the cost of the products. After the critical analysis, the management attempts to reduce or completely eliminate the impact of gratuitous costs that do not contribute to the worth or the performance of the product (Dale, 1999). Design: Today, experimental design is known as one of the best techniques in new product development. According to Blake et al (1994, p.99), â€Å"experimental design is a strategic weapon to battle competitors worldwide by developing robust products, reducing time to market, improving quality and reliability, and reducing life-cycle cost† because the analytical examination of the information found by experimental design can result in the identification of numerous parameters related to the new product (Dale, 1999). Moreover, Computer-Aided Design is a popular tool that helps the firms to design a new product using computer. The CAD system also provides the facility to customize products quickly and inexpensively (Juran and Gryna, 1993). Verify: The quality function deployment technique is used to determine whether the product meets the expectations of the customers. For this purpose, matrix charts are used to determine and prioritize customer needs and expectations (Juran and Gryna, 1993). The summary of DMADV framework for developing product with the application of TQM methodology is displayed in Table 1 (see appendix I). 3. Operations Management – Competitive Factors According to Slack et al (2001), competitive advantage can be obtained by establishing a set of performance objectives that are based on product/service’s quality, speed, dependability, flexibility and cost. These key objectives can affect the internal productivity of the firm as well as help the organisation to gain competitive advantage in the external environment. In this section of the paper, the attempt will be made to consider these five objectives against a budget airline and for this purpose a case study of Ryanair is undertaken. Quality: Juran (1981) defined the quality as â€Å"fitness for use†. In general sense, the quality is the ability of the firm to generate error-free product/service according to the prescribed specifications. In case of budget airlines, this includes well-organized booking, efficient luggage handling, maintenance, punctuality, reliability, and communication with customers. Ryanair is UK’s famous budget airline but due to the gap between quality specifications and quality delivery, its popularity is going down day-by-day. This can be judged through the recent customer reviews on SkyTrax website (SkyTrax, 2012). Speed: According to Slack et al (2001), speed refers the ability to accomplish the task quickly in responding customer demands. From budget airline perspective, speed is concerned with reducing time of reservation and luggage handling. Also, turnaround time of aircraft and its maintenance considered as two most important speed factors in airline industry. Ryanair is currently looking to improve it services in terms of speed by taking advantage from the advanced technology like internet. In order make reservation system speedy, Ryanair converted its host reservations system to a new system so-called ‘Flight Speed’ (Ryanair strategy, n.d.). Dependability/reliability: In most cases, dependability refers to the ability to deliver products/service on time according to the promises made to the customers. In the airline industry, this refers to on-time flights without major delays with the reliability of luggage service. According to the statistics of 2011, Ryanair is the leading budget airline in UK in terms of reliability of being on schedule and less than one missed bags per 1000 passengers (Ryanair Annual report, 2011). Flexibility: Slack et al (2007) states that flexibility means additional options to customers in terms of volume, delivery, and range of products and services. In a budget airline, customers usually get basic products and services in return of ordinary fare but they can get a variety of additional products and services by paying extra money. In case of Ryanair, flexibility refers to the diversification of additional services as well as the capacity to consider substitutes for numerous service industries such as maintenance agreements and outsourced functions (Ryanair annual report, 2011). Cost: According to Shingo (1988), the traditional cost model consists of maximising the profit by reducing cost of the operations. Nowadays, the most crucial factor for a budget airline is to run their operations against increasing fuel prices. Unlike other low cost airlines, Ryanair is committed to absorb the fluctuations of fuel prices without imposing them on customers. This policy resulted in first annual loss for Ryanair in 2009 when the fuel prices were very high (BBC news, 2009). Figure 2 in appendix II is showing how these operational objectives affect the internal and external operations of the budget airline in terms of obtaining competitive advantage. Similarly, table 2 in appendix I is demonstrating how budget airlines can achieve operations excellence in improving competitiveness by applying different techniques. 3.1 Four V’s of Operations Management Slack et al (2007) introduced 4v’s operational model to describe and organise the management operations. The four V’s are volume, variety, variation, and visibility. According to them, it is important to understand how different operations are positioned on the 4V model. Figure 3 in appendix II is representing 4V model against operational objectives of a budget airline. REFERENCES Agus, A., (2002). TQM as a focus for improving overall service performance and customer satisfaction: an empirical study on a public service sector in Malaysia. Total Quality Management, 15 (56), pp. 615 – 628 Allen, J. E., (2004). Assisted Living Administration: The Knowledge Base, 2nd edition, Springer Publishing Company Anthony, J. and Preece, D., (2001). Understanding, managing, and implementing quality: frameworks, techniques, and cases, Routledge BBC News, (2009). Ryanair reports first annual loss, [online]. Available from: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8078349.stm [Accessed: 08 May 2012] Belbin, R. M., (1993). Team roles at work, Butterworth-Heinemann Bergman, B. and Klefsjo, B., (1994). Quality: from customer needs to customer satisfaction, Studentlitteratur Blake, S., Launsby, R.G., and Weese, D.L., (1994). Experimental design meets the realities of the 1990s, Quality Progress, pp. 99-101 Dale, B. G., (1994). Managing quality. 2nd edition, Prentice Hall Dale, B. G., (1999). Managing quality. 3rd edition, Oxford: Blackwell-Business Feigenbaum, A., (1991). Total quality control. 3rd edition, New York: McGraw-Hill Juran, J. M., (1981). Juran on quality improvement: workbook, Juran Institute Juran, J. M. and Gryna, F. M., (1993). Quality Planning and Analysis. 3rd Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill Nakajima, S., (1988). Total Productive Maintenance. Cambridge: Productivity Press Pegels, C. C., (1995). Total quality management: a survey of its important aspects. New York: Boyd and Fraser Poornima, C. M. and Charantimath, P. M., (2011). Total Quality Management, Pearson Education India Ryanair strategy, (n.d.). Strategy, [online]. Available from: http://www.ryanair.com/doc/investor/Strategy.pdf [Accessed: 07 May 2012] Ryanair annual report, (2011). The World’s favourite airline, [online]. Available from: http://www.ryanair.com/doc/investor/2011/Annual_Report_2011_Final.pdf [Accessed: 07 May 2012] Seth, D. and Tripathi, D., (2006). A critical study of TQM and TPM approaches on business performance on Indian manufacturing industry, Total Quality Management, 17(7), pp. 811 – 824 SkyTrax, (2012). Ryanair passenger reviews and Ryanair customer trip reports, [online]. Available from: http://www.airlinequality.com/Forum/ryan.htm [Accessed: 07 May 2012] Slack, N., Chambers, S. and Johnson, R., (2001). Operations management. 3rd edition, FT/Prentice Hall Slack, N., Chambers, S. and Johnson, R., (2007). Operations management. 5th edition, Pearson Education Ltd Shingo, S., (1988). Non-Stock Production: The Shingo System for Continuous Improvement, Productivity Press Stevenson, W. J., (2002). Operations management, 7th edition, McGraw-Hill Irwin Tennant, G., (2001). Six sigma: SPC and TQM in manufacturing and services. Gower Publishing Ltd How to cite Logistics and operations mgt, Essay examples

The Conflict In The Balkans Is Interesting Because For Years, Essays

The conflict in the Balkans is interesting because for years, reporters and politicians have touted it as being the result of ancient ethnic hatred but that isnt the case. The people of the region lived together peacefully for centuries and any conflicts that have arose among people were based not on ethnic origin but other things like class, ruling party, etc. In fact, any problems that have arose in the former Yugoslavia have more to do with the issues raised by nationalism that developed during World War II and not centuries of three different peoples living together. This paper will explore the history of the conflict in the Balkans from the time shortly after Josip Tito passed away until just before the Dayton Accords. Additionally, it will be shown that at each of the three distinct points of the conflict, the international community and the United States had it within their power to stop the violence. The three distinct phases are Kosovo, secession, and Bosnia and at each point, the lack of action or overreaction of the international community failed to solve the problem. The first phase of Yugoslavian disintegration can be attributed to the conditions of the people living in Kosovo, an autonomous province of Yugoslavia. In 1981, the socioeconomic conditions in Kosovo were far worse than those in the other republics of Yugoslavia. Poverty was rampant and unemployment was around twenty percent as compared to about two percent in Slovenia that same year. The standard of living in Kosovo was deplorable and whatever aid that was given to the province by the federal government was mismanaged (Samary, 65). Another significant problem with this particular province was that while the Serbs claimed the province as the Cradle of Serbian Empire because of a legendary battle and defeat that happened at Kosovo in 1389, the Albanians constituted approximately eighty percent of the population of Kosovo. In reality, Kosovo could be claimed more by the Albanian majority than by the Serb minority. Many of the valiant warriors who fought and died at the Battle of Kosovo were in fact Albanian warriors, a fact seldom acknowledged by the Serb leadership. Furthermore, historical evidence suggests that Illyrians, the ancestors of Albanians, formed their first communities in Kosovo. The Serb Empire was not as grand and powerful as modern Serbia would contend. Relations between Albanians and Serbs were good in the Middle Ages because of the many reasons that tensions exist today between nation states i.e. customs, trade, immigration, and so on (Samary, 36). Kosovo, by nearly all accounts but the Serb interpretation of the Battle of Kosovo, is an Albanian area. Albanians were given majority rule of Kosovo in the 1960s by Tito in order to act as a hegemon to the power of Serbia. Under independent rule, the region was able to make available an Albanian curriculum and Albanian culture grew in importance. Economically, however, Kosovo was still suffering since whatever gains the economy made were outdone by the gains in population made by the Albanian Muslims who averaged six to eight children per family. The power in Kosovo was vested in a small group of elite Albanians who did well at advancing national identity and improving education and other public works but who were poor at managing and maintaining a functional economy. Whenever federal funds were given to the province, those elites at the top either wasted the money on grandiose projects and ornate buildings or on their new and privileged lifestyles (Bennett, 88) On March 11, 1981, the students of Pristina University, in Kosovo, organized a protest against the deplorable living conditions on the campus. At the protest, they voiced their malcontent with the poverty and unemployment if life in Kosovo. They then marched to the provincial League of Communists only to have the demonstration halted by the police. The leadership of the League of Communists demanded that the leaders of the protests be brought into custody fearing that if the leadership of the protests remained, the protests would continue. The police complied and in a moment of solidarity with the student leaders, students poured into the streets demanding that their classmates be released from custody. The unrest was escalated by excessive police brutality and on April 3, 1981, Belgrade imposed martial law (Bennett, 89). It is suggested that this particular time in the history of Yugoslavia is when the disintegration of Yugoslavia occurred. Tito had died less than a year before the incident in Kosovo and the Yugoslav Army (JNA) was pointing their weapons at fellow Yugoslavians. For the first time in Titos Yugoslavia, the federal government had sided with one ethnic group over